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    The Climate Impact of Past Changes in Halocarbons and CO2 in the Tropical UTLS Region

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2014:;volume( 027 ):;issue: 023::page 8646
    Author:
    McLandress, Charles
    ,
    Shepherd, Theodore G.
    ,
    Reader, M. Catherine
    ,
    Plummer, David A.
    ,
    Shine, Keith P.
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00232.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: chemistry?climate model coupled to an ocean model is used to compare the climate impact of past (1960?2010) changes in concentrations of halocarbons with those of CO2 in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). The halocarbon contribution to both upper troposphere warming and the associated increase in lower stratospheric upwelling is about 40% as large as that due to CO2. Trends in cold-point temperature and lower stratosphere water vapor are positive for both halocarbons and CO2, and are of about the same magnitude. Trends in lower stratosphere ozone are negative, due to the increased upwelling. These increases in water vapor and decreases in lower stratosphere ozone feed back onto lower stratosphere temperature through radiative cooling. The radiative cooling from ozone is about a factor of 2 larger than that from water vapor in the vicinity of the cold-point tropopause, while water vapor dominates at heights above 50 hPa. For halocarbons this indirect radiative cooling more than offsets the direct radiative warming, and together with the adiabatic cooling accounts for the lack of a halocarbon-induced warming of the lower stratosphere. For CO2 the indirect cooling from increased water vapor and decreased ozone is of comparable magnitude to the direct warming from CO2 in the vicinity of the cold-point tropopause, and (together with the increased upwelling) lowers the height at which CO2 increases induce stratospheric cooling, thus explaining the relatively weak increase in cold-point temperature due to the CO2 increases.
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      The Climate Impact of Past Changes in Halocarbons and CO2 in the Tropical UTLS Region

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    contributor authorMcLandress, Charles
    contributor authorShepherd, Theodore G.
    contributor authorReader, M. Catherine
    contributor authorPlummer, David A.
    contributor authorShine, Keith P.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:10:22Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:10:22Z
    date copyright2014/12/01
    date issued2014
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-80535.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4223438
    description abstractchemistry?climate model coupled to an ocean model is used to compare the climate impact of past (1960?2010) changes in concentrations of halocarbons with those of CO2 in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). The halocarbon contribution to both upper troposphere warming and the associated increase in lower stratospheric upwelling is about 40% as large as that due to CO2. Trends in cold-point temperature and lower stratosphere water vapor are positive for both halocarbons and CO2, and are of about the same magnitude. Trends in lower stratosphere ozone are negative, due to the increased upwelling. These increases in water vapor and decreases in lower stratosphere ozone feed back onto lower stratosphere temperature through radiative cooling. The radiative cooling from ozone is about a factor of 2 larger than that from water vapor in the vicinity of the cold-point tropopause, while water vapor dominates at heights above 50 hPa. For halocarbons this indirect radiative cooling more than offsets the direct radiative warming, and together with the adiabatic cooling accounts for the lack of a halocarbon-induced warming of the lower stratosphere. For CO2 the indirect cooling from increased water vapor and decreased ozone is of comparable magnitude to the direct warming from CO2 in the vicinity of the cold-point tropopause, and (together with the increased upwelling) lowers the height at which CO2 increases induce stratospheric cooling, thus explaining the relatively weak increase in cold-point temperature due to the CO2 increases.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleThe Climate Impact of Past Changes in Halocarbons and CO2 in the Tropical UTLS Region
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume27
    journal issue23
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00232.1
    journal fristpage8646
    journal lastpage8660
    treeJournal of Climate:;2014:;volume( 027 ):;issue: 023
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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