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    Controls of Global Snow under a Changed Climate

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2013:;volume( 026 ):;issue: 015::page 5537
    Author:
    Kapnick, Sarah B.
    ,
    Delworth, Thomas L.
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00528.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: his study assesses the ability of a newly developed high-resolution coupled model from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory to simulate the cold-season hydroclimate in the present climate and examines its response to climate change forcing. Output is assessed from a 280-yr control simulation that is based on 1990 atmospheric composition and an idealized 140-yr future simulation in which atmospheric carbon dioxide increases at 1% yr?1 until doubling in year 70 and then remains constant. When compared with a low-resolution model, the high-resolution model is found to better represent the geographic distribution of snow variables in the present climate. In response to idealized radiative forcing changes, both models produce similar global-scale responses in which global-mean temperature and total precipitation increase while snowfall decreases. Zonally, snowfall tends to decrease in the low to midlatitudes and increase in the mid- to high latitudes. At the regional scale, the high- and low-resolution models sometimes diverge in the sign of projected snowfall changes; the high-resolution model exhibits future increases in a few select high-altitude regions, notably the northwestern Himalaya region and small regions in the Andes and southwestern Yukon, Canada. Despite such local signals, there is an almost universal reduction in snowfall as a percent of total precipitation in both models. By using a simple multivariate model, temperature is shown to drive these trends by decreasing snowfall almost everywhere while precipitation increases snowfall in the high altitudes and mid- to high latitudes. Mountainous regions of snowfall increases in the high-resolution model exhibit a unique dominance of the positive contribution from precipitation over temperature.
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      Controls of Global Snow under a Changed Climate

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    contributor authorKapnick, Sarah B.
    contributor authorDelworth, Thomas L.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:07:16Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:07:16Z
    date copyright2013/08/01
    date issued2013
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-79692.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4222500
    description abstracthis study assesses the ability of a newly developed high-resolution coupled model from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory to simulate the cold-season hydroclimate in the present climate and examines its response to climate change forcing. Output is assessed from a 280-yr control simulation that is based on 1990 atmospheric composition and an idealized 140-yr future simulation in which atmospheric carbon dioxide increases at 1% yr?1 until doubling in year 70 and then remains constant. When compared with a low-resolution model, the high-resolution model is found to better represent the geographic distribution of snow variables in the present climate. In response to idealized radiative forcing changes, both models produce similar global-scale responses in which global-mean temperature and total precipitation increase while snowfall decreases. Zonally, snowfall tends to decrease in the low to midlatitudes and increase in the mid- to high latitudes. At the regional scale, the high- and low-resolution models sometimes diverge in the sign of projected snowfall changes; the high-resolution model exhibits future increases in a few select high-altitude regions, notably the northwestern Himalaya region and small regions in the Andes and southwestern Yukon, Canada. Despite such local signals, there is an almost universal reduction in snowfall as a percent of total precipitation in both models. By using a simple multivariate model, temperature is shown to drive these trends by decreasing snowfall almost everywhere while precipitation increases snowfall in the high altitudes and mid- to high latitudes. Mountainous regions of snowfall increases in the high-resolution model exhibit a unique dominance of the positive contribution from precipitation over temperature.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleControls of Global Snow under a Changed Climate
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume26
    journal issue15
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00528.1
    journal fristpage5537
    journal lastpage5562
    treeJournal of Climate:;2013:;volume( 026 ):;issue: 015
    contenttypeFulltext
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