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    Climate Feedbacks and Their Implications for Poleward Energy Flux Changes in a Warming Climate

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2011:;volume( 025 ):;issue: 002::page 608
    Author:
    Zelinka, Mark D.
    ,
    Hartmann, Dennis L.
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00096.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: eedbacks determine the efficiency with which the climate system comes back into equilibrium in response to a radiative perturbation. Although feedbacks are integrated quantities, the processes from which they arise have rich spatial structures that alter the distribution of top of atmosphere (TOA) net radiation. Here, the authors investigate the implications of the structure of climate feedbacks for the change in poleward energy transport as the planet warms over the twenty-first century in a suite of GCMs. Using radiative kernels that describe the TOA radiative response to small perturbations in temperature, water vapor, and surface albedo, the change in poleward energy flux is partitioned into the individual feedbacks that cause it.This study finds that latitudinal gradients in the sum of climate feedbacks reinforce the preexisting latitudinal gradient in TOA net radiation, requiring that the climate system transport more energy to the poles on a warming planet. This is primarily due to structure of the water vapor and cloud feedbacks, which are strongly positive at low latitudes and decrease dramatically with increasing latitude. Using the change in surface fluxes, the authors partition the anomalous poleward energy flux between the atmosphere and ocean and find that reduced heat flux from the high-latitude ocean further amplifies the equator-to-pole gradient in atmospheric energy loss. This implied reduction in oceanic poleward energy flux requires the atmosphere to increase its share of the total poleward energy transport. As is the case for climate sensitivity, the largest source of intermodel spread in the change in poleward energy transport can be attributed to the shortwave cloud feedback.
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      Climate Feedbacks and Their Implications for Poleward Energy Flux Changes in a Warming Climate

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    contributor authorZelinka, Mark D.
    contributor authorHartmann, Dennis L.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:04:01Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:04:01Z
    date copyright2012/01/01
    date issued2011
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-78874.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4221591
    description abstracteedbacks determine the efficiency with which the climate system comes back into equilibrium in response to a radiative perturbation. Although feedbacks are integrated quantities, the processes from which they arise have rich spatial structures that alter the distribution of top of atmosphere (TOA) net radiation. Here, the authors investigate the implications of the structure of climate feedbacks for the change in poleward energy transport as the planet warms over the twenty-first century in a suite of GCMs. Using radiative kernels that describe the TOA radiative response to small perturbations in temperature, water vapor, and surface albedo, the change in poleward energy flux is partitioned into the individual feedbacks that cause it.This study finds that latitudinal gradients in the sum of climate feedbacks reinforce the preexisting latitudinal gradient in TOA net radiation, requiring that the climate system transport more energy to the poles on a warming planet. This is primarily due to structure of the water vapor and cloud feedbacks, which are strongly positive at low latitudes and decrease dramatically with increasing latitude. Using the change in surface fluxes, the authors partition the anomalous poleward energy flux between the atmosphere and ocean and find that reduced heat flux from the high-latitude ocean further amplifies the equator-to-pole gradient in atmospheric energy loss. This implied reduction in oceanic poleward energy flux requires the atmosphere to increase its share of the total poleward energy transport. As is the case for climate sensitivity, the largest source of intermodel spread in the change in poleward energy transport can be attributed to the shortwave cloud feedback.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleClimate Feedbacks and Their Implications for Poleward Energy Flux Changes in a Warming Climate
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume25
    journal issue2
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00096.1
    journal fristpage608
    journal lastpage624
    treeJournal of Climate:;2011:;volume( 025 ):;issue: 002
    contenttypeFulltext
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