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    A Study of the Impact of Off-Equatorial Warm Pool SST Anomalies on ENSO Cycles

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2005:;volume( 018 ):;issue: 002::page 274
    Author:
    Solomon, Amy
    ,
    Jin, Fei-Fei
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-3269.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Concurrent with most large El Niño events, cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are observed over the western Pacific warm pool region (WPWP). Observational evidence that SST anomalies that form in the off-equatorial western Pacific during El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles are forced by subsurface ocean processes equatorward of 12°N and air?sea fluxes poleward of 12°N is presented. It is demonstrated that diurnal mixing in the ocean equatorward of 12°N plays a significant role in bringing subsurface temperature anomalies to the sea surface during an El Niño event. The role of SST anomalies equatorward of 12°N in ENSO cycles is tested in the Zebiak?Cane coupled model, modified to allow for the impact of subsurface temperatures on SSTs. This coupled model successfully simulates cold SST anomalies in the off-equatorial northwestern Pacific that are observed to occur during the warm phase of ENSO and the atmospheric response to these anomalies, which is composed of both westerlies in the central Pacific and easterlies in the far western equatorial Pacific. It is found that there is little net change in the zonal mean wind stress at the equator, suggesting that the westerlies cancel the impact of the easterlies on the basin-scale tilt of the equatorial zonal mean thermocline depth. The anomalous westerly winds in the central equatorial Pacific are found to increase the amplitude of an El Niño event directly by increasing anomalous warm zonal advection and reducing upwelling. Moreover, the off-equatorial anticyclonic wind stress associated with the cold SST anomalies during the warm phase of ENSO tends to reduce the discharge of the equatorial heat content. Thus, the coupled processes over the western Pacific warm pool can serve as a positive feedback to amplify ENSO cycles.
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      A Study of the Impact of Off-Equatorial Warm Pool SST Anomalies on ENSO Cycles

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4220342
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    • Journal of Climate

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    contributor authorSolomon, Amy
    contributor authorJin, Fei-Fei
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:00:17Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:00:17Z
    date copyright2005/01/01
    date issued2005
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-77750.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4220342
    description abstractConcurrent with most large El Niño events, cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are observed over the western Pacific warm pool region (WPWP). Observational evidence that SST anomalies that form in the off-equatorial western Pacific during El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles are forced by subsurface ocean processes equatorward of 12°N and air?sea fluxes poleward of 12°N is presented. It is demonstrated that diurnal mixing in the ocean equatorward of 12°N plays a significant role in bringing subsurface temperature anomalies to the sea surface during an El Niño event. The role of SST anomalies equatorward of 12°N in ENSO cycles is tested in the Zebiak?Cane coupled model, modified to allow for the impact of subsurface temperatures on SSTs. This coupled model successfully simulates cold SST anomalies in the off-equatorial northwestern Pacific that are observed to occur during the warm phase of ENSO and the atmospheric response to these anomalies, which is composed of both westerlies in the central Pacific and easterlies in the far western equatorial Pacific. It is found that there is little net change in the zonal mean wind stress at the equator, suggesting that the westerlies cancel the impact of the easterlies on the basin-scale tilt of the equatorial zonal mean thermocline depth. The anomalous westerly winds in the central equatorial Pacific are found to increase the amplitude of an El Niño event directly by increasing anomalous warm zonal advection and reducing upwelling. Moreover, the off-equatorial anticyclonic wind stress associated with the cold SST anomalies during the warm phase of ENSO tends to reduce the discharge of the equatorial heat content. Thus, the coupled processes over the western Pacific warm pool can serve as a positive feedback to amplify ENSO cycles.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleA Study of the Impact of Off-Equatorial Warm Pool SST Anomalies on ENSO Cycles
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume18
    journal issue2
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/JCLI-3269.1
    journal fristpage274
    journal lastpage286
    treeJournal of Climate:;2005:;volume( 018 ):;issue: 002
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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