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    The Ozone Hole of 2002 as Measured by TOMS

    Source: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;2005:;Volume( 062 ):;issue: 003::page 716
    Author:
    Stolarski, Richard S.
    ,
    McPeters, Richard D.
    ,
    Newman, Paul A.
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-3338.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Since its discovery in 1985, the ozone hole has been regularly mapped using the data from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) instruments on several satellites. The current TOMS, on the Earth Probe satellite, has been taking measurements since 1996. The ozone hole first appeared during the 1980s. Since 1990, the hole has consistently developed during each Antarctic spring over a broad area with the minimum total ozone value reaching about 100 Dobson units (DU; 1 DU = 2.69 ? 1016 molecules cm?2) in late September or early October. The year 2002 was markedly different from the past 12 years. A series of strong wave events weakened the South Polar vortex. In late September, a major stratospheric warming took place, reversing the direction of the polar flow and the latitudinal temperature gradient. This warming resulted in a division of the ozone hole into two pieces, one that migrated to lower latitudes and disappeared and one that reformed over the Pole in a weakened form. The development of this year?s unusual ozone hole is shown here and is contrasted to a climatology of the years since 1990. Minimum daily values of total ozone barely reached 150 DU in contrast to values nearer to 100. The area of the ozone hole briefly reached 18 ? 106 km2, then dropped rapidly to only 2 ? 106 km2, and finally recovered to about 8 ? 106 km2 before disappearing in early November. The positive anomaly compared with the last 12 yr near the Pole was accompanied by a smaller negative anomaly north of 45°S.
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      The Ozone Hole of 2002 as Measured by TOMS

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    contributor authorStolarski, Richard S.
    contributor authorMcPeters, Richard D.
    contributor authorNewman, Paul A.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T16:51:55Z
    date available2017-06-09T16:51:55Z
    date copyright2005/03/01
    date issued2005
    identifier issn0022-4928
    identifier otherams-75528.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4217874
    description abstractSince its discovery in 1985, the ozone hole has been regularly mapped using the data from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) instruments on several satellites. The current TOMS, on the Earth Probe satellite, has been taking measurements since 1996. The ozone hole first appeared during the 1980s. Since 1990, the hole has consistently developed during each Antarctic spring over a broad area with the minimum total ozone value reaching about 100 Dobson units (DU; 1 DU = 2.69 ? 1016 molecules cm?2) in late September or early October. The year 2002 was markedly different from the past 12 years. A series of strong wave events weakened the South Polar vortex. In late September, a major stratospheric warming took place, reversing the direction of the polar flow and the latitudinal temperature gradient. This warming resulted in a division of the ozone hole into two pieces, one that migrated to lower latitudes and disappeared and one that reformed over the Pole in a weakened form. The development of this year?s unusual ozone hole is shown here and is contrasted to a climatology of the years since 1990. Minimum daily values of total ozone barely reached 150 DU in contrast to values nearer to 100. The area of the ozone hole briefly reached 18 ? 106 km2, then dropped rapidly to only 2 ? 106 km2, and finally recovered to about 8 ? 106 km2 before disappearing in early November. The positive anomaly compared with the last 12 yr near the Pole was accompanied by a smaller negative anomaly north of 45°S.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleThe Ozone Hole of 2002 as Measured by TOMS
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume62
    journal issue3
    journal titleJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
    identifier doi10.1175/JAS-3338.1
    journal fristpage716
    journal lastpage720
    treeJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;2005:;Volume( 062 ):;issue: 003
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
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