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    A Simple Time-Dependent Model of SST Hot Spots

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2003:;volume( 016 ):;issue: 023::page 3978
    Author:
    Sobel, Adam H.
    ,
    Gildor, Hezi
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3978:ASTMOS>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: The authors introduce a simple model for the time-dependent evolution of tropical ?hot spots,? or localized regions where the sea surface temperature (SST) becomes unusually high for a limited period of time. The model consists of a simple zero-dimensional atmospheric model coupled to an ocean mixed layer. For plausible parameter values, steady solutions of this model can become unstable to time-dependent oscillations, which are studied both by linear stability analysis and explicit time-dependent nonlinear simulation. For reasonable parameter values, the oscillations have periods ranging from intraseasonal to subannual. For parameter values only slightly beyond the threshold for instability, the oscillations become strongly nonlinear, and have a recharge?discharge character. The basic mechanism for the instability and oscillations comes from cloud-radiative and wind-evaporation feedbacks, which play the same role in the dynamics and are lumped together into a single parameterization. This is possible because, under the assumption that the shortwave and longwave radiative effects of high clouds cancel at the top of the atmosphere, their net effect is only to transfer energy from the ocean to the atmosphere exactly as a surface flux does, and because the two processes are observed to be approximately in phase on intraseasonal timescales. Both feedbacks move energy from the ocean to the atmosphere in convective regions, intensifying the convection and thus destabilizing the system. The same energy transfer cools the ocean, which eventually (but not instantaneously, because of the mixed layer?s heat capacity) reduces the SST enough to render the model stable to deep convection, shutting off the convection. At that point the SST begins warming again under the resulting clear skies, starting the cycle over. The authors also examine the forced linear response of the model, in a weakly stable regime, to an imposed atmospheric oscillation. This is meant to crudely represent forcing by an atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation. The model?s response as a function of mixed layer depth is not monotonic, but has a maximum around 10?20 m, which happens to be close to the observed value in the western Pacific warm pool.
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      A Simple Time-Dependent Model of SST Hot Spots

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4205389
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    contributor authorSobel, Adam H.
    contributor authorGildor, Hezi
    date accessioned2017-06-09T16:15:26Z
    date available2017-06-09T16:15:26Z
    date copyright2003/12/01
    date issued2003
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-6429.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4205389
    description abstractThe authors introduce a simple model for the time-dependent evolution of tropical ?hot spots,? or localized regions where the sea surface temperature (SST) becomes unusually high for a limited period of time. The model consists of a simple zero-dimensional atmospheric model coupled to an ocean mixed layer. For plausible parameter values, steady solutions of this model can become unstable to time-dependent oscillations, which are studied both by linear stability analysis and explicit time-dependent nonlinear simulation. For reasonable parameter values, the oscillations have periods ranging from intraseasonal to subannual. For parameter values only slightly beyond the threshold for instability, the oscillations become strongly nonlinear, and have a recharge?discharge character. The basic mechanism for the instability and oscillations comes from cloud-radiative and wind-evaporation feedbacks, which play the same role in the dynamics and are lumped together into a single parameterization. This is possible because, under the assumption that the shortwave and longwave radiative effects of high clouds cancel at the top of the atmosphere, their net effect is only to transfer energy from the ocean to the atmosphere exactly as a surface flux does, and because the two processes are observed to be approximately in phase on intraseasonal timescales. Both feedbacks move energy from the ocean to the atmosphere in convective regions, intensifying the convection and thus destabilizing the system. The same energy transfer cools the ocean, which eventually (but not instantaneously, because of the mixed layer?s heat capacity) reduces the SST enough to render the model stable to deep convection, shutting off the convection. At that point the SST begins warming again under the resulting clear skies, starting the cycle over. The authors also examine the forced linear response of the model, in a weakly stable regime, to an imposed atmospheric oscillation. This is meant to crudely represent forcing by an atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation. The model?s response as a function of mixed layer depth is not monotonic, but has a maximum around 10?20 m, which happens to be close to the observed value in the western Pacific warm pool.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleA Simple Time-Dependent Model of SST Hot Spots
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume16
    journal issue23
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3978:ASTMOS>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage3978
    journal lastpage3992
    treeJournal of Climate:;2003:;volume( 016 ):;issue: 023
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
    yabeshDSpacePersian