An Observational Study of Splitting Convective Clouds

Abstract

This is a case study of deep, but narrow convective towers which split twice into right- and left-moving components in southwestern Oklahoma on 28 May 1985. Our analysis makes use of storm-intercept visual documentation, mobile soundings, surface mesonetwork data, and frequent soundings from special sites. The data show that the convective towers behaved in many respects like low-precipitation storms, having formed in an environment of large CAPE and moderately strong unidirectional shear. The observation of towers splitting even when there is no heavy precipitation at the surface implies that rain processes are not crucial to the splitting phenomenon. The tiny storms were confined to a region northeast of a surface cyclone and low-pressure area, near the intersection of the dryline and an old outflow boundary, where convective temperature was reached. Evidence is presented that the moist layer was deepened locally just prior to convective initiation, and that the deepening was related to low-level convergence associated with the westward motion of the dryline.