On the Reliability of Hook Echoes as Tornado IndicatorsSource: Monthly Weather Review:;1981:;volume( 109 ):;issue: 007::page 1457Author:Forbes, Gregory S.
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<1457:OTROHE>2.0.CO;2Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A study of radar echoes associated with the tornadoes of the 3 April 1974 outbreak was performed to evaluate the usefulness of echo shape as an indicator of tornadic thunderstorms. The hook shape was usually successful in characterizing an echo as tornadic, with a false alarm rate of 169%. Because hook echoes were relatively rare, however, a less restrictive shape called distinctive was more successful at detecting tornadic thunderstorms, identifying 65% of the tornadic echoes. An echo had a distinctive shape if it possessed a marked appendage on its right rear flank or was in the shape of a spiral, comma or line echo wave pattern (LEWP). Characteristics of the distinctive echo are given.
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contributor author | Forbes, Gregory S. | |
date accessioned | 2017-06-09T16:03:29Z | |
date available | 2017-06-09T16:03:29Z | |
date copyright | 1981/07/01 | |
date issued | 1981 | |
identifier issn | 0027-0644 | |
identifier other | ams-59917.pdf | |
identifier uri | http://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4200528 | |
description abstract | A study of radar echoes associated with the tornadoes of the 3 April 1974 outbreak was performed to evaluate the usefulness of echo shape as an indicator of tornadic thunderstorms. The hook shape was usually successful in characterizing an echo as tornadic, with a false alarm rate of 169%. Because hook echoes were relatively rare, however, a less restrictive shape called distinctive was more successful at detecting tornadic thunderstorms, identifying 65% of the tornadic echoes. An echo had a distinctive shape if it possessed a marked appendage on its right rear flank or was in the shape of a spiral, comma or line echo wave pattern (LEWP). Characteristics of the distinctive echo are given. | |
publisher | American Meteorological Society | |
title | On the Reliability of Hook Echoes as Tornado Indicators | |
type | Journal Paper | |
journal volume | 109 | |
journal issue | 7 | |
journal title | Monthly Weather Review | |
identifier doi | 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<1457:OTROHE>2.0.CO;2 | |
journal fristpage | 1457 | |
journal lastpage | 1466 | |
tree | Monthly Weather Review:;1981:;volume( 109 ):;issue: 007 | |
contenttype | Fulltext |