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    Topographic Influence on the Seasonal and Interannual Variation of Water and Energy Balance of Basins in North America

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2001:;volume( 014 ):;issue: 009::page 1989
    Author:
    Chen, Ji
    ,
    Kumar, Praveen
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<1989:TIOTSA>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: A large area basin-scale (LABs) hydrologic model is developed for regional, continental, and global hydrologic studies. The heterogeneity in the soil-moisture distribution within a basin is parameterized through the statistical moments of the probability distribution function of the topographic (wetness) index. The statistical moments are derived using GTOPO30 (30 arc sec; 1-km resolution) digital elevation model data for North America. River basins and drainage network extracted using this dataset are overlaid on computed topographic indices for the continent and statistics are extracted for each basin. A total of 5020 basins with an average size of 3255 square kilometers, obtained from the United States Geological Survey HYDRO1K data, is used over the continent. The model predicts runoff generation due to both saturation and infiltration excess mechanisms along with the baseflow and snowmelt. Simulation studies are performed for 1987 and 1988 using the International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project data. Improvement in the terrestrial water balance and streamflow is observed due to improvements in the surface runoff and baseflow components achieved by incorporating the topographic influences. It is found that subsurface redistribution of soil moisture, and anisotropy in hydraulic conductivities in the vertical and horizontal directions play an important role in determining the streamflow and its seasonal variability. These enhancements also impact the surface energy balance. It is shown that the dynamics of several hydrologic parameters such as basin mean water table depth and saturated fraction play an important role in determining the total streamflow response and show realistic seasonal and interannual variations. Observed streamflow of the Mississippi River and its subbasins (Ohio, Arkansas, Missouri, and Upper Mississippi) are used for validation. It is observed that model baseflow has a significant contribution to the streamflow and is important in realistically capturing the seasonal and annual cycles.
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      Topographic Influence on the Seasonal and Interannual Variation of Water and Energy Balance of Basins in North America

    URI
    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4198078
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    • Journal of Climate

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    contributor authorChen, Ji
    contributor authorKumar, Praveen
    date accessioned2017-06-09T15:58:03Z
    date available2017-06-09T15:58:03Z
    date copyright2001/05/01
    date issued2001
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-5771.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4198078
    description abstractA large area basin-scale (LABs) hydrologic model is developed for regional, continental, and global hydrologic studies. The heterogeneity in the soil-moisture distribution within a basin is parameterized through the statistical moments of the probability distribution function of the topographic (wetness) index. The statistical moments are derived using GTOPO30 (30 arc sec; 1-km resolution) digital elevation model data for North America. River basins and drainage network extracted using this dataset are overlaid on computed topographic indices for the continent and statistics are extracted for each basin. A total of 5020 basins with an average size of 3255 square kilometers, obtained from the United States Geological Survey HYDRO1K data, is used over the continent. The model predicts runoff generation due to both saturation and infiltration excess mechanisms along with the baseflow and snowmelt. Simulation studies are performed for 1987 and 1988 using the International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project data. Improvement in the terrestrial water balance and streamflow is observed due to improvements in the surface runoff and baseflow components achieved by incorporating the topographic influences. It is found that subsurface redistribution of soil moisture, and anisotropy in hydraulic conductivities in the vertical and horizontal directions play an important role in determining the streamflow and its seasonal variability. These enhancements also impact the surface energy balance. It is shown that the dynamics of several hydrologic parameters such as basin mean water table depth and saturated fraction play an important role in determining the total streamflow response and show realistic seasonal and interannual variations. Observed streamflow of the Mississippi River and its subbasins (Ohio, Arkansas, Missouri, and Upper Mississippi) are used for validation. It is observed that model baseflow has a significant contribution to the streamflow and is important in realistically capturing the seasonal and annual cycles.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleTopographic Influence on the Seasonal and Interannual Variation of Water and Energy Balance of Basins in North America
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume14
    journal issue9
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<1989:TIOTSA>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage1989
    journal lastpage2014
    treeJournal of Climate:;2001:;volume( 014 ):;issue: 009
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
    yabeshDSpacePersian