Studies of the Polarimetric Covariance Matrix. Part II: Modeling and Polarization Errors

Abstract

A polarimetric radar covariance matrix model is described to study the behavior of the co-to-cross covariances in precipitation. The 2 ? 2 propagation matrix with attenuation, differential attenuation, and differential phase is coupled to the backscatter matrix leading to a propagation-modified covariance matrix model. System polarization errors are included in this model as well. This model is used to study the behavior of the magnitude and phase of the co-to-cross covariances and the linear depolarization ratio (LDR) in rainfall. It is shown that the model predictions are consistent with data collected with the Colorado State University (CSU)?University of Chicago?Illinois State Water Survey (CHILL) radar in intense rainfall. A method is also given for estimating the system polarization errors from covariance matrix data collected in intense rainfall.