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    Evaluation of Tropospheric Water Vapor Simulations from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project

    Source: Journal of Climate:;1997:;volume( 010 ):;issue: 007::page 1648
    Author:
    Gaffen, Dian J.
    ,
    Rosen, Richard D.
    ,
    Salstein, David A.
    ,
    Boyle, James S.
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<1648:EOTWVS>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Simulations of humidity from 28 general circulation models for the period 1979?88 from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project are compared with observations from radiosondes over North America and the globe and with satellite microwave observations over the Pacific basin. The simulations of decadal mean values of precipitable water (W) integrated over each of these regions tend to be less moist than the real atmosphere in all three cases; the median model values are approximately 5% less than the observed values. The spread among the simulations is larger over regions of high terrain, which suggests that differences in methods of resolving topographic features are important. The mean elevation of the North American continent is substantially higher in the models than is observed, which may contribute to the overall dry bias of the models over that area. The authors do not find a clear association between the mean topography of a model and its mean W simulation, however, which suggests that the bias over land is not purely a matter of orography. The seasonal cycle of W is reasonably well simulated by the models, although over North America they have a tendency to become moister more quickly in the spring than is observed. The interannual component of the variability of W is not well captured by the models over North America. Globally, the simulated W values show a signal correlated with the Southern Oscillation index but the observations do not. This discrepancy may be related to deficiencies in the radiosonde network, which does not sample the tropical ocean regions well. Overall, the interannual variability of W, as well as its climatology and mean seasonal cycle, are better described by the median of the 28 simulations than by individual members of the ensemble. Tests to learn whether simulated precipitable water, evaporation, and precipitation values may be related to aspects of model formulation yield few clear signals, although the authors find, for example, a tendency for the few models that predict boundary layer depth to have large values of evaporation and precipitation. Controlled experiments, in which aspects of model architecture are systematically varied within individual models, may be necessary to elucidate whether and how model characteristics influence simulations.
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      Evaluation of Tropospheric Water Vapor Simulations from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4187378
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    contributor authorGaffen, Dian J.
    contributor authorRosen, Richard D.
    contributor authorSalstein, David A.
    contributor authorBoyle, James S.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T15:35:43Z
    date available2017-06-09T15:35:43Z
    date copyright1997/07/01
    date issued1997
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-4808.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4187378
    description abstractSimulations of humidity from 28 general circulation models for the period 1979?88 from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project are compared with observations from radiosondes over North America and the globe and with satellite microwave observations over the Pacific basin. The simulations of decadal mean values of precipitable water (W) integrated over each of these regions tend to be less moist than the real atmosphere in all three cases; the median model values are approximately 5% less than the observed values. The spread among the simulations is larger over regions of high terrain, which suggests that differences in methods of resolving topographic features are important. The mean elevation of the North American continent is substantially higher in the models than is observed, which may contribute to the overall dry bias of the models over that area. The authors do not find a clear association between the mean topography of a model and its mean W simulation, however, which suggests that the bias over land is not purely a matter of orography. The seasonal cycle of W is reasonably well simulated by the models, although over North America they have a tendency to become moister more quickly in the spring than is observed. The interannual component of the variability of W is not well captured by the models over North America. Globally, the simulated W values show a signal correlated with the Southern Oscillation index but the observations do not. This discrepancy may be related to deficiencies in the radiosonde network, which does not sample the tropical ocean regions well. Overall, the interannual variability of W, as well as its climatology and mean seasonal cycle, are better described by the median of the 28 simulations than by individual members of the ensemble. Tests to learn whether simulated precipitable water, evaporation, and precipitation values may be related to aspects of model formulation yield few clear signals, although the authors find, for example, a tendency for the few models that predict boundary layer depth to have large values of evaporation and precipitation. Controlled experiments, in which aspects of model architecture are systematically varied within individual models, may be necessary to elucidate whether and how model characteristics influence simulations.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleEvaluation of Tropospheric Water Vapor Simulations from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume10
    journal issue7
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<1648:EOTWVS>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage1648
    journal lastpage1661
    treeJournal of Climate:;1997:;volume( 010 ):;issue: 007
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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