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    Comparison of Precipitation Observed over the Continental United States to That Simulated by a Climate Model

    Source: Journal of Climate:;1996:;volume( 009 ):;issue: 009::page 2233
    Author:
    Chen, Mingxuan
    ,
    Dickinson, Robert E.
    ,
    Zeng, Xubin
    ,
    Hahmann, Andrea N.
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2233:COPOOT>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: This study compares monthly average frequency, intensity, and amount of hourly precipitation simulated by National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model version 2/Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme to the smoothed estimates of these observed locally over the continental United States. The observed monthly intensifies vary from less than 1 to 5 mm h?1, with lowest values in the winter in northern midcontinent and highest around the Gulf Coast in summer. Model intensifies are on the average 3-4 times less when drizzle is excluded and an order of magnitude less when drizzle is included. As might be anticipated, relative frequencies are much too high and intensifies much too low in the model fields, compared to those observed. The spatial pattern of these quantities and the total precipitation are more realistic. The study also compares extreme events and diurnal and seasonal variations and finds that, in general, the simulated precipitation has larger spatial variability, larger diurnal variation, and longer maximum continuous wet and dry periods than those observed. These discrepancies are largely due to the different nature of model (area averaged) precipitation and observed (local) precipitation. Therefore, the use of GCM output to directly represent local values of intensifies and frequencies may lead to large errors in the coupling of the land surface to the atmosphere above it.
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      Comparison of Precipitation Observed over the Continental United States to That Simulated by a Climate Model

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4185290
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    contributor authorChen, Mingxuan
    contributor authorDickinson, Robert E.
    contributor authorZeng, Xubin
    contributor authorHahmann, Andrea N.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T15:31:47Z
    date available2017-06-09T15:31:47Z
    date copyright1996/09/01
    date issued1996
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-4620.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4185290
    description abstractThis study compares monthly average frequency, intensity, and amount of hourly precipitation simulated by National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model version 2/Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme to the smoothed estimates of these observed locally over the continental United States. The observed monthly intensifies vary from less than 1 to 5 mm h?1, with lowest values in the winter in northern midcontinent and highest around the Gulf Coast in summer. Model intensifies are on the average 3-4 times less when drizzle is excluded and an order of magnitude less when drizzle is included. As might be anticipated, relative frequencies are much too high and intensifies much too low in the model fields, compared to those observed. The spatial pattern of these quantities and the total precipitation are more realistic. The study also compares extreme events and diurnal and seasonal variations and finds that, in general, the simulated precipitation has larger spatial variability, larger diurnal variation, and longer maximum continuous wet and dry periods than those observed. These discrepancies are largely due to the different nature of model (area averaged) precipitation and observed (local) precipitation. Therefore, the use of GCM output to directly represent local values of intensifies and frequencies may lead to large errors in the coupling of the land surface to the atmosphere above it.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleComparison of Precipitation Observed over the Continental United States to That Simulated by a Climate Model
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume9
    journal issue9
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<2233:COPOOT>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage2233
    journal lastpage2249
    treeJournal of Climate:;1996:;volume( 009 ):;issue: 009
    contenttypeFulltext
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