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    An Assessment of Global Climate Model Simulations of Arctic Air Temperatures

    Source: Journal of Climate:;1996:;volume( 009 ):;issue: 005::page 1060
    Author:
    Tao, Xin
    ,
    Walsh, John E.
    ,
    Chapman, William L.
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<1060:AAOGCM>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Simulations of Arctic temperatures by 19 general circulation models are examined as part of a diagnostic subproject of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP). The forcing of all the models by observed sea surface temperatures and sea ice from a 10-yr period (1979?1988) permits comparative evaluations of the model biases as well as the models? simulations of the interannual variations contained in the observational data. The models capture the latitudinal and seasonal variability of surface air temperatures in the Arctic, although a cold bias of ?3.3°C (std dev = 3.4°C) is apparent over northern Eurasia during spring, especially in the models that do not include vegetative masking of the high-albedo snow. The 19-model mean bias over northern North America is less than 2°C in all seasons. Over the Arctic Ocean, the spring temperatures generally have a warm bias that averages 3.0 (std dev = 2.9°C), although the bias is smaller in the models in which the prescribed albedo of sea ice is highest. For the summer season, correlations between simulated cloudiness and surface air temperatures are negative and statistically significant, but the corresponding correlations for the winter months are small and statistically insignificant The models without gravity wave drag are generally colder than the other models at the Arctic surface, especially during autumn.
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      An Assessment of Global Climate Model Simulations of Arctic Air Temperatures

    URI
    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4184434
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    contributor authorTao, Xin
    contributor authorWalsh, John E.
    contributor authorChapman, William L.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T15:30:03Z
    date available2017-06-09T15:30:03Z
    date copyright1996/05/01
    date issued1996
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-4543.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4184434
    description abstractSimulations of Arctic temperatures by 19 general circulation models are examined as part of a diagnostic subproject of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP). The forcing of all the models by observed sea surface temperatures and sea ice from a 10-yr period (1979?1988) permits comparative evaluations of the model biases as well as the models? simulations of the interannual variations contained in the observational data. The models capture the latitudinal and seasonal variability of surface air temperatures in the Arctic, although a cold bias of ?3.3°C (std dev = 3.4°C) is apparent over northern Eurasia during spring, especially in the models that do not include vegetative masking of the high-albedo snow. The 19-model mean bias over northern North America is less than 2°C in all seasons. Over the Arctic Ocean, the spring temperatures generally have a warm bias that averages 3.0 (std dev = 2.9°C), although the bias is smaller in the models in which the prescribed albedo of sea ice is highest. For the summer season, correlations between simulated cloudiness and surface air temperatures are negative and statistically significant, but the corresponding correlations for the winter months are small and statistically insignificant The models without gravity wave drag are generally colder than the other models at the Arctic surface, especially during autumn.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleAn Assessment of Global Climate Model Simulations of Arctic Air Temperatures
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume9
    journal issue5
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<1060:AAOGCM>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage1060
    journal lastpage1076
    treeJournal of Climate:;1996:;volume( 009 ):;issue: 005
    contenttypeFulltext
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