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    Continental-Scale River Flow in Climate Models

    Source: Journal of Climate:;1994:;volume( 007 ):;issue: 006::page 914
    Author:
    Miller, James R.
    ,
    Russell, Gary L.
    ,
    Caliri, Guilherme
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1994)007<0914:CSRFIC>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: The hydrologic cycle is a major part of the global climate system. There is an atmospheric flux of water from the ocean surface to the continents. The cycle is closed by return flow in rivers. In this paper a river routing model is developed to use with grid box climate models for the whole earth. The routing model needs an algorithm for the river mass flow and a river direction file, which has been compiled for 4°?5° and 20°?2.5° resolutions. River basins are defined by the direction files. The river flow leaving each grid box depends on river and lake mass, downstream distance, and an effective flow speed that depends on topography. As input the routing model uses monthly land source runoff from a 5-yr simulation of the NASA/GISS atmospheric climate model (Hansen et al.). The land source runoff from the 4°?5° resolution model is quartered onto a 2°?2.5° grid, and the effect of grid resolution is examined. Monthly flow at the mouth of the world's major rivers is compared with observations, and a global error function for river flow is used to evaluate the routing model and its sensitivity to physical parameters. Three basinwide parameters are introduced: the river length weighted by source runoff, the turnover rate, and the basinwide speed. Although the values of these parameters depend on the resolution at which the rivers are defined, the values should converge as the grid resolution becomes finer. When the routing scheme described here is coupled with a climate model's source runoff, it provides the basis for closing the hydrologic cycle in coupled atmosphere-ocean models by realistically allowing water to return to the ocean at the correct location and with the proper magnitude and timing
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      Continental-Scale River Flow in Climate Models

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4180556
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    contributor authorMiller, James R.
    contributor authorRussell, Gary L.
    contributor authorCaliri, Guilherme
    date accessioned2017-06-09T15:22:30Z
    date available2017-06-09T15:22:30Z
    date copyright1994/06/01
    date issued1994
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-4194.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4180556
    description abstractThe hydrologic cycle is a major part of the global climate system. There is an atmospheric flux of water from the ocean surface to the continents. The cycle is closed by return flow in rivers. In this paper a river routing model is developed to use with grid box climate models for the whole earth. The routing model needs an algorithm for the river mass flow and a river direction file, which has been compiled for 4°?5° and 20°?2.5° resolutions. River basins are defined by the direction files. The river flow leaving each grid box depends on river and lake mass, downstream distance, and an effective flow speed that depends on topography. As input the routing model uses monthly land source runoff from a 5-yr simulation of the NASA/GISS atmospheric climate model (Hansen et al.). The land source runoff from the 4°?5° resolution model is quartered onto a 2°?2.5° grid, and the effect of grid resolution is examined. Monthly flow at the mouth of the world's major rivers is compared with observations, and a global error function for river flow is used to evaluate the routing model and its sensitivity to physical parameters. Three basinwide parameters are introduced: the river length weighted by source runoff, the turnover rate, and the basinwide speed. Although the values of these parameters depend on the resolution at which the rivers are defined, the values should converge as the grid resolution becomes finer. When the routing scheme described here is coupled with a climate model's source runoff, it provides the basis for closing the hydrologic cycle in coupled atmosphere-ocean models by realistically allowing water to return to the ocean at the correct location and with the proper magnitude and timing
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleContinental-Scale River Flow in Climate Models
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume7
    journal issue6
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0442(1994)007<0914:CSRFIC>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage914
    journal lastpage928
    treeJournal of Climate:;1994:;volume( 007 ):;issue: 006
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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