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    Can Anthropogenic Aerosols Decrease the Snowfall Rate?

    Source: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;2004:;Volume( 061 ):;issue: 020::page 2457
    Author:
    Lohmann, U.
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<2457:CAADTS>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Observations by Borys, Lowenthal, Cohn, and Brown in midlatitude orographic clouds show that for a given supercooled liquid water content, both the riming and the snowfall rates are smaller if the supercooled cloud has more cloud droplets as, for example, caused by anthropogenic aerosols. The climatic implication of this effect was studied in global climate model simulations by replacing the constant riming efficiency with a size-dependent one appropriate for planar crystals and aggregates, respectively. In the model simulations that use a size-dependent riming collection efficiency, the pollution-induced decrease in cloud droplet size causes a decrease in the riming rate in stratiform clouds despite larger liquid water contents in polluted clouds. Contrary to the above-mentioned observations, in all model simulations the snowfall rate increases because of feedbacks in the climate system. Anthropogenic aerosol particles increase the aerosol and cloud optical thickness, which reduces the solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere and the surface. This in turn causes a cooling in Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes that favors precipitation formation via the ice phase.
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      Can Anthropogenic Aerosols Decrease the Snowfall Rate?

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    contributor authorLohmann, U.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T14:38:58Z
    date available2017-06-09T14:38:58Z
    date copyright2004/10/01
    date issued2004
    identifier issn0022-4928
    identifier otherams-23563.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4160138
    description abstractObservations by Borys, Lowenthal, Cohn, and Brown in midlatitude orographic clouds show that for a given supercooled liquid water content, both the riming and the snowfall rates are smaller if the supercooled cloud has more cloud droplets as, for example, caused by anthropogenic aerosols. The climatic implication of this effect was studied in global climate model simulations by replacing the constant riming efficiency with a size-dependent one appropriate for planar crystals and aggregates, respectively. In the model simulations that use a size-dependent riming collection efficiency, the pollution-induced decrease in cloud droplet size causes a decrease in the riming rate in stratiform clouds despite larger liquid water contents in polluted clouds. Contrary to the above-mentioned observations, in all model simulations the snowfall rate increases because of feedbacks in the climate system. Anthropogenic aerosol particles increase the aerosol and cloud optical thickness, which reduces the solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere and the surface. This in turn causes a cooling in Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes that favors precipitation formation via the ice phase.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleCan Anthropogenic Aerosols Decrease the Snowfall Rate?
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume61
    journal issue20
    journal titleJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<2457:CAADTS>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage2457
    journal lastpage2468
    treeJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;2004:;Volume( 061 ):;issue: 020
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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