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    Chemical Amplification (or Dampening) of the Twomey Effect: Conditions Derived from Droplet Activation Theory

    Source: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;2004:;Volume( 061 ):;issue: 008::page 919
    Author:
    Rissman, T. A.
    ,
    Nenes, A.
    ,
    Seinfeld, J. H.
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<0919:CAODOT>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Cloud droplet number concentrations are controlled by both meteorological and microphysical factors. Microphysical factors include aerosol number concentration and composition. This paper examines the importance of microphysical phenomena compared to the sensitivity with respect to parcel updraft velocity in the activation of aerosols to become cloud droplets. Of the compositional (chemical) factors that can influence droplet number concentration, the effect of organics is examined through their ability to alter droplet surface tension and to contribute solute. A recent parameterization of aerosol activation (by Abdul-Razzak et al.) is extended to obtain analytical expressions for the sensitivity of activation to microphysical factors relative to updraft velocity. It is demonstrated that, under some conditions, the droplet number concentration can be as much as 1.5 times more sensitive to changes in aerosol composition than to updraft velocity. Chemical effects seem to be most influential for size distributions typical of marine conditions and decrease in importance for strongly anthropogenically perturbed conditions. The analysis indicates that the presence of surface-active species can lead to as much uncertainty as results from variations in updraft velocity. The presence of surfactant species also drastically changes the response of the cloud condensation nuclei to changes in the updraft velocity spectrum. Conditions are found under which an increase in dissolved organic compounds can actually lead to a decrease in cloud droplet number, a ?contra-Twomey effect.? Results presented have more general implications than just for organic compounds and can apply, in principle, for any chemically induced activation effect.
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      Chemical Amplification (or Dampening) of the Twomey Effect: Conditions Derived from Droplet Activation Theory

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4160015
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    • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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    contributor authorRissman, T. A.
    contributor authorNenes, A.
    contributor authorSeinfeld, J. H.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T14:38:41Z
    date available2017-06-09T14:38:41Z
    date copyright2004/04/01
    date issued2004
    identifier issn0022-4928
    identifier otherams-23452.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4160015
    description abstractCloud droplet number concentrations are controlled by both meteorological and microphysical factors. Microphysical factors include aerosol number concentration and composition. This paper examines the importance of microphysical phenomena compared to the sensitivity with respect to parcel updraft velocity in the activation of aerosols to become cloud droplets. Of the compositional (chemical) factors that can influence droplet number concentration, the effect of organics is examined through their ability to alter droplet surface tension and to contribute solute. A recent parameterization of aerosol activation (by Abdul-Razzak et al.) is extended to obtain analytical expressions for the sensitivity of activation to microphysical factors relative to updraft velocity. It is demonstrated that, under some conditions, the droplet number concentration can be as much as 1.5 times more sensitive to changes in aerosol composition than to updraft velocity. Chemical effects seem to be most influential for size distributions typical of marine conditions and decrease in importance for strongly anthropogenically perturbed conditions. The analysis indicates that the presence of surface-active species can lead to as much uncertainty as results from variations in updraft velocity. The presence of surfactant species also drastically changes the response of the cloud condensation nuclei to changes in the updraft velocity spectrum. Conditions are found under which an increase in dissolved organic compounds can actually lead to a decrease in cloud droplet number, a ?contra-Twomey effect.? Results presented have more general implications than just for organic compounds and can apply, in principle, for any chemically induced activation effect.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleChemical Amplification (or Dampening) of the Twomey Effect: Conditions Derived from Droplet Activation Theory
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume61
    journal issue8
    journal titleJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0469(2004)061<0919:CAODOT>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage919
    journal lastpage930
    treeJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;2004:;Volume( 061 ):;issue: 008
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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