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    Numerical Simulations of Maritime Frontogenesis

    Source: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;1997:;Volume( 054 ):;issue: 002::page 314
    Author:
    Thompson, William T.
    ,
    Williams, R. T.
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<0314:NSOMF>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: A hydrostatic primitive equation model initialized in a highly baroclinically unstable state was used to simulate maritime cyclogenesis and frontogenesis. In order to identify boundary layer physical processes important in maritime frontogenesis, several different simulations were performed. In an effort to isolate impacts due solely to the boundary layer, moist processes were not included. An adiabatic and inviscid simulation provided the control for these experiments. Two different boundary layer parameterizations were used: a K-theory parameterization featuring Richardson-number-dependent eddy diffusivity and a second-order closure scheme with prognostic equations for the turbulence quantities. Results indicated that strong warm and cold fronts formed in the adiabatic and inviscid case but that the vertical motion fields were weak. In the K-theory simulation, the results were somewhat more realistic with stronger vertical motion. In both the K-theory and second-order closure simulations, the boundary layer in the cold air was highly unstable and deep mixed layers formed in this region with a large generation of turbulence. The largest cross-front temperature gradients existed in the frontal zone above the mixed layer. These structures were in qualitative agreement with observations of maritime cold fronts over the northwest Pacific Ocean. The second-order closure simulations produced a shallower mixed layer in the cold air with a stronger, more narrow front and large vertical motion. These simulations were more consistent with observations. Results from the second-order closure simulations demonstrated that turbulent mixing of momentum was critical in reproducing the frontogenetic (and frontolytic) effects of the transverse secondary circulation.
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      Numerical Simulations of Maritime Frontogenesis

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    contributor authorThompson, William T.
    contributor authorWilliams, R. T.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T14:34:18Z
    date available2017-06-09T14:34:18Z
    date copyright1997/01/01
    date issued1997
    identifier issn0022-4928
    identifier otherams-21921.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4158314
    description abstractA hydrostatic primitive equation model initialized in a highly baroclinically unstable state was used to simulate maritime cyclogenesis and frontogenesis. In order to identify boundary layer physical processes important in maritime frontogenesis, several different simulations were performed. In an effort to isolate impacts due solely to the boundary layer, moist processes were not included. An adiabatic and inviscid simulation provided the control for these experiments. Two different boundary layer parameterizations were used: a K-theory parameterization featuring Richardson-number-dependent eddy diffusivity and a second-order closure scheme with prognostic equations for the turbulence quantities. Results indicated that strong warm and cold fronts formed in the adiabatic and inviscid case but that the vertical motion fields were weak. In the K-theory simulation, the results were somewhat more realistic with stronger vertical motion. In both the K-theory and second-order closure simulations, the boundary layer in the cold air was highly unstable and deep mixed layers formed in this region with a large generation of turbulence. The largest cross-front temperature gradients existed in the frontal zone above the mixed layer. These structures were in qualitative agreement with observations of maritime cold fronts over the northwest Pacific Ocean. The second-order closure simulations produced a shallower mixed layer in the cold air with a stronger, more narrow front and large vertical motion. These simulations were more consistent with observations. Results from the second-order closure simulations demonstrated that turbulent mixing of momentum was critical in reproducing the frontogenetic (and frontolytic) effects of the transverse secondary circulation.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleNumerical Simulations of Maritime Frontogenesis
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume54
    journal issue2
    journal titleJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<0314:NSOMF>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage314
    journal lastpage331
    treeJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;1997:;Volume( 054 ):;issue: 002
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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