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    The Ice Phase in Winter Continental Cumulus Clouds

    Source: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;1975:;Volume( 032 ):;issue: 008::page 1604
    Author:
    Gagin, A.
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1975)032<1604:TIPIWC>2.0.CO;2
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Detailed measurements of the ice particle properties of winter continental cumulus clouds, performed by instrumented aircraft, are described and analyzed. The data presented, based upon measurements in 69 such clouds in the cloud summit temperature range of ?5 to ?25°C, suggests that the temperature dependence of ice crystal concentrations, at 300 m below cloud tops, corresponds to the mean ice nucleus temperature spectrum within a range of variation of about one order of magnitude. This rather limited discrepancy is proposed to be attributed partly to very limited processes of secondary production of ice crystals and partly to our inability to account, instrumentally, for the activation of nuclei through such mechanisms as contact nucleation. These findings also suggest that cold continental cumuli do not provide conditions for noticeable effects due to ice crystal multiplication mechanisms. In particular, it is shown that the characteristics of the cloud droplet spectra, in such clouds, are the key factor in determining the ice budget of the clouds as they affect the timing and the nature of the riming processes that were proposed to lead to ice crystal multiplication. These findings are in good agreement with recent laboratory studies suggesting a strong link between temperature and droplet characteristics during the riming process, and ice crystal multiplication. Consequently and in view of the shown dependence of graupel concentrations on temperature in cold continental cumuli, some conclusions are drawn regarding the formation of either natural or artificially induced precipitation in such colloidally stable clouds. These conclusions seem to be in agreement with observations elsewhere of precipitation likelihood as a function of cloud top temperature.
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      The Ice Phase in Winter Continental Cumulus Clouds

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    contributor authorGagin, A.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T14:18:23Z
    date available2017-06-09T14:18:23Z
    date copyright1975/08/01
    date issued1975
    identifier issn0022-4928
    identifier otherams-16889.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4152721
    description abstractDetailed measurements of the ice particle properties of winter continental cumulus clouds, performed by instrumented aircraft, are described and analyzed. The data presented, based upon measurements in 69 such clouds in the cloud summit temperature range of ?5 to ?25°C, suggests that the temperature dependence of ice crystal concentrations, at 300 m below cloud tops, corresponds to the mean ice nucleus temperature spectrum within a range of variation of about one order of magnitude. This rather limited discrepancy is proposed to be attributed partly to very limited processes of secondary production of ice crystals and partly to our inability to account, instrumentally, for the activation of nuclei through such mechanisms as contact nucleation. These findings also suggest that cold continental cumuli do not provide conditions for noticeable effects due to ice crystal multiplication mechanisms. In particular, it is shown that the characteristics of the cloud droplet spectra, in such clouds, are the key factor in determining the ice budget of the clouds as they affect the timing and the nature of the riming processes that were proposed to lead to ice crystal multiplication. These findings are in good agreement with recent laboratory studies suggesting a strong link between temperature and droplet characteristics during the riming process, and ice crystal multiplication. Consequently and in view of the shown dependence of graupel concentrations on temperature in cold continental cumuli, some conclusions are drawn regarding the formation of either natural or artificially induced precipitation in such colloidally stable clouds. These conclusions seem to be in agreement with observations elsewhere of precipitation likelihood as a function of cloud top temperature.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleThe Ice Phase in Winter Continental Cumulus Clouds
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume32
    journal issue8
    journal titleJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
    identifier doi10.1175/1520-0469(1975)032<1604:TIPIWC>2.0.CO;2
    journal fristpage1604
    journal lastpage1614
    treeJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;1975:;Volume( 032 ):;issue: 008
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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