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    Simulating Exposures to Deliberate Intrusions into Water Distribution Systems

    Source: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management:;2005:;Volume ( 131 ):;issue: 003
    Author:
    Kenneth A. Nilsson
    ,
    Steven G. Buchberger
    ,
    Robert M. Clark
    DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2005)131:3(228)
    Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
    Abstract: A well-known network solver (EPANET) and a novel water-use generator (PRPsym) were linked in Monte Carlo computer experiments to simulate a deliberate biochemical assault on a municipal drinking-water distribution system. The attack was modeled as a steady 6-hour injection delivering 3,600 g of a soluble conservative contaminant to a single node on the main line in a small town. Migration of the contaminant plume was tracked for 55 hours throughout the pipe network, and the cumulative mass loading was computed at four target nodes strategically located on looping links and dead-end branches. This exercise was repeated for 1,000 independent trials to establish a baseline distribution of consumer dose exposures at the target nodes. A battery of simulation experiments was then performed to examine the sensitivity of the nodal load distributions to various system characteristics and water-use patterns. Results show that variability in the total mass load received at a node can be apportioned between the variability in the water-use volume and variability in the mean delivered concentration. Overall, however, the operation of the network storage tank had the greatest influence on the nodal mass loadings. This study demonstrates that Monte Carlo techniques are a useful tool for simulating the dynamic performance of a municipal drinking-water supply system, provided that a calibrated model of realistic network operations is available.
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      Simulating Exposures to Deliberate Intrusions into Water Distribution Systems

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/39951
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    • Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management

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    contributor authorKenneth A. Nilsson
    contributor authorSteven G. Buchberger
    contributor authorRobert M. Clark
    date accessioned2017-05-08T21:08:00Z
    date available2017-05-08T21:08:00Z
    date copyrightMay 2005
    date issued2005
    identifier other%28asce%290733-9496%282005%29131%3A3%28228%29.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl/handle/yetl/39951
    description abstractA well-known network solver (EPANET) and a novel water-use generator (PRPsym) were linked in Monte Carlo computer experiments to simulate a deliberate biochemical assault on a municipal drinking-water distribution system. The attack was modeled as a steady 6-hour injection delivering 3,600 g of a soluble conservative contaminant to a single node on the main line in a small town. Migration of the contaminant plume was tracked for 55 hours throughout the pipe network, and the cumulative mass loading was computed at four target nodes strategically located on looping links and dead-end branches. This exercise was repeated for 1,000 independent trials to establish a baseline distribution of consumer dose exposures at the target nodes. A battery of simulation experiments was then performed to examine the sensitivity of the nodal load distributions to various system characteristics and water-use patterns. Results show that variability in the total mass load received at a node can be apportioned between the variability in the water-use volume and variability in the mean delivered concentration. Overall, however, the operation of the network storage tank had the greatest influence on the nodal mass loadings. This study demonstrates that Monte Carlo techniques are a useful tool for simulating the dynamic performance of a municipal drinking-water supply system, provided that a calibrated model of realistic network operations is available.
    publisherAmerican Society of Civil Engineers
    titleSimulating Exposures to Deliberate Intrusions into Water Distribution Systems
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume131
    journal issue3
    journal titleJournal of Water Resources Planning and Management
    identifier doi10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2005)131:3(228)
    treeJournal of Water Resources Planning and Management:;2005:;Volume ( 131 ):;issue: 003
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
    yabeshDSpacePersian