Application of Traffic Simulation Modeling for Improved Emergency Preparedness Planning

Abstract

Emergency preparedness is vital toward ensuring the safety, security, and efficiency of the transportation system in the event of disasters. To understand the magnitude of the problem and develop effective emergency preparedness plans, emergency scenarios need to be carefully developed and evaluated. This paper presents results from a project that developed and tested emergency response scenarios for the Birmingham, Al. region. First, the CORSIM traffic simulation software was used to model the major area traffic corridors into a regional transportation network. Then, the regional model was utilized to test and evaluate emergency management strategies in response to natural or human-caused disasters. Appropriate preparedness and response measures of effectiveness (MOEs) were selected to support the assessment process at the region-wide and/or corridor level. Candidate response actions were compared and evaluated on the basis of these MOEs and recommendations were developed on best practices and needs. One of the contributions of this work is that it showcases the utility of microscopic traffic simulation for regional emergency preparedness and highlights opportunities and challenges related to the development of large scale microscopic simulation models. Moreover, the project findings can provide guidance to regional transportation officials and public safety agencies toward implementing effective traffic management strategies in the event of an actual regional emergency.