Nonlinear Finite‐Element Model for Light‐Frame Stud Walls

Abstract

Considerable attention has been given to the performance and modeling of wood‐frame stud walls in the past two decades, and linear and nonlinear models were presented. Linear models do not truly describe the wall behavior. They either underestimate or overestimate the wall stiffness, depending upon load applied. In this presentation, the writers use load‐deflection characteristics to transform a three‐dimensional detailed model of a wood‐frame stud wall into a simple two‐dimensional model made equivalent to the original substructure by energy concepts. The detailed model is represented in three dimensions by linear and nonlinear finite elements, where each nail joint is included via its translational stiffness. Gaps and discontinuities in the sheathing are also considered. The model is loaded in shear, torsion,