Buoyant Surface Discharges into Water Bodies. II: Jet Integral Model

Abstract

The near-field region of a buoyant surface discharge into water bodies often displays significant jet-like motions in form of free jets, shoreline-attached jets, and wall jets, respectively, as classified by the CORMIX3 expert system [see Jones et al., (2007, Paper I)]. A new jet integral model CorSurf has been developed that addresses in a single formulation this entire spectrum of jet motions in both deep or shallow environments. The model employs an entrainment closure approach for the separate contributions of entrainment resulting from transverse shear, buoyant damping, advected puff motions, frontal mixing, and interfacial mixing due to lateral spreading. It also contains a quadratic law turbulent drag force mechanism. An alternative model formulation applies to the two-dimensional bottom-attached form of the jet. This formulation contains a deflecting pressure force mechanism as well as the bottom shear force. Specific criteria describe bottom attachment and detachment processes. Finally, a number of confinement effects on the jet dynamics due to shallow water and/or lateral boundaries are included. The model has been validated under a wide range of geometric and dynamic conditions using, in particular, hitherto unavailable high-resolution laboratory data.