End Depth in U-Shaped Channels: A Simplified Approach

Abstract

This study presents a simplified approach to determine the end depth of a free overfall in horizontal U-shaped channels. The flow over the free overfall is simulated by that over a sharp-crested weir to calculate the end-depth ratio (EDR). The theoretical model is calibrated by the experimental data by considering the coefficient of velocity a free parameter. The EDR is 0.745 up to nondimensional critical depth 0.50; and then it decreases gradually as the nondimensional critical depth increases. A method to estimate discharge from the end depth is presented. The results obtained using the model agree satisfactorily with the experimental data and results obtained from the previous model of the author.