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    Flow Resistance in Ice-Covered Alluvial Channels

    Source: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering:;1997:;Volume ( 123 ):;issue: 007
    Author:
    Brennan T. Smith
    ,
    Robert Ettema
    DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:7(592)
    Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
    Abstract: This paper describes the influences of floating level ice covers on flow and bed-load transport in alluvial channels and proposes a semi-empirical procedure for calculating flow resistance in such channels. The procedure can be applied in conjunction with several existing methods for estimating flow resistance in alluvial channels under open-water conditions. Previously, cover influence was poorly understood, with the consequence that flow-resistance calculations for ice-covered alluvial channels entailed an inordinate amount of guesswork. The cover influences described herein were determined from the results of experiments conducted with a laboratory flume. The main findings of the flume experiments are that ice covers increase flow depth, decrease bulk flow velocity, increase dune length, and significantly decrease bed-load transport rate. Additionally, it was found that sediment transport relationships developed for open-water flow are applicable to ice-covered flow provided they are used in conjunction with estimates of actual bed shear stress. The proposed flow-resistance procedure enables such estimates to be made.
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      Flow Resistance in Ice-Covered Alluvial Channels

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/24466
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    contributor authorBrennan T. Smith
    contributor authorRobert Ettema
    date accessioned2017-05-08T20:42:52Z
    date available2017-05-08T20:42:52Z
    date copyrightJuly 1997
    date issued1997
    identifier other%28asce%290733-9429%281997%29123%3A7%28592%29.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl/handle/yetl/24466
    description abstractThis paper describes the influences of floating level ice covers on flow and bed-load transport in alluvial channels and proposes a semi-empirical procedure for calculating flow resistance in such channels. The procedure can be applied in conjunction with several existing methods for estimating flow resistance in alluvial channels under open-water conditions. Previously, cover influence was poorly understood, with the consequence that flow-resistance calculations for ice-covered alluvial channels entailed an inordinate amount of guesswork. The cover influences described herein were determined from the results of experiments conducted with a laboratory flume. The main findings of the flume experiments are that ice covers increase flow depth, decrease bulk flow velocity, increase dune length, and significantly decrease bed-load transport rate. Additionally, it was found that sediment transport relationships developed for open-water flow are applicable to ice-covered flow provided they are used in conjunction with estimates of actual bed shear stress. The proposed flow-resistance procedure enables such estimates to be made.
    publisherAmerican Society of Civil Engineers
    titleFlow Resistance in Ice-Covered Alluvial Channels
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume123
    journal issue7
    journal titleJournal of Hydraulic Engineering
    identifier doi10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:7(592)
    treeJournal of Hydraulic Engineering:;1997:;Volume ( 123 ):;issue: 007
    contenttypeFulltext
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