Analysis and Optimal Design of Fixture Clamping Sequence

Abstract

Considering the great impacts of the application sequence of multiclamps on the workpiece machining accuracy, this paper analyzes and optimizes clamping sequence. A new methodology that takes into account the varying contact forces and friction force during clamping is presented for the first time. A new analysis model is established to capture the effect of clamping sequence on contact force distributions and workpiece machining accuracy. It reveals that the historical accumulation of clamping steps influences heavily the final distribution of contact forces in the workpiece-fixture system. Therefore, the present contact forces in each clamping step are solved incrementally in terms of contact forces of the precedent step by means of the principle of the total complementary energy. Furthermore, based on the fact that the variation of contact forces from one step to another results in different workpiece deformations and position, a novel design model is formulated to select optimally the clamping sequence in order to minimize the workpiece deformation and position errors. Workpieces of low stiffness and high stiffness are investigated separately in order to simplify the modeling of clamping sequence optimization. Some numerical tests are finally demonstrated to validate the proposed model and method. Computational results are discussed and compared with experimental results available in the reference.