RANS Model for Spilling Breaking Waves

Abstract

A RANS model for spilling breaking waves is developed, which can be implemented with ship hydrodynamics RANS CFD codes. The model is based on the Cointe & Tulin theory of steady breakers. The breaker cross section is assumed triangular with maximum height determined by the theoretical/experimental linear relationship with following wave height. Pressure and velocity boundary conditions are imposed on the dividing streamline between the breaker and underlying flow based on the hydrostatic and mixing layer models. An iterative solution procedure provides a unique solution for specified breaking criteria and simulation conditions. The model is implemented using CFDSHIP-IOWA and validated using spilling breaking wave benchmark data for two-dimensional submerged hydrofoils. As with other current RANS codes, wave elevations are under-predicted. However, for the first time in literature, the breaking wave wake is predicted. Results for total head, mean velocities, and Reynolds stresses are in agreement with available spilling breaking wave benchmark data.