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RISA k–ε Turbulence Model for the Convective Atmosphere
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A k–ε turbulence model for the stable atmosphere is extended for the convective atmosphere. The new model represents the buoyancy-induced increase in the kinetic energy and scale of eddies, and is consistent with the ...
An Equation for Moist Entropy in a Precipitating and Icy Atmosphere
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: This paper addresses an equation for moist entropy in the framework of cloud-resolving models. After rewriting the energy equation with moist entropy in the place of temperature, an equation for moist entropy is obtained. ...
Reducing the Biases in Simulated Radar Reflectivities from a Bulk Microphysics Scheme: Tropical Convective Systems
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: well-known bias common to many bulk microphysics schemes currently being used in cloud-resolving models is the tendency to produce excessively large reflectivity values (e.g., 40 dBZ) in the middle and upper troposphere ...
Comparing the Convective Structure and Microphysics in Two Sahelian Mesoscale Convective Systems: Radar Observations and CRM Simulations
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: wo mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) observed during the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) experiment are simulated using the three-dimensional (3D) Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model. This study was undertaken ...
A Physically Based Algorithm for Non-Blackbody Correction of Cloud-Top Temperature and Application to Convection Study
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: loud-top temperature (CTT) is an important parameter for convective clouds and is usually different from the 11-?m brightness temperature due to non-blackbody effects. This paper presents an algorithm for estimating ...
Relating Convective and Stratiform Rain to Latent Heating
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The relationship among surface rainfall, its intensity, and its associated stratiform amount is established by examining observed precipitation data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar ...
Evaluation of Long-Term Cloud-Resolving Model Simulations Using Satellite Radiance Observations and Multifrequency Satellite Simulators
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: This paper proposes a methodology known as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Triple-Sensor Three-Step Evaluation Framework (T3EF) for the systematic evaluation of precipitating cloud types and microphysics in ...
Analysis of the Global Microwave Polarization Data of Clouds
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Information about the characteristics of ice particles in clouds is necessary for improving our understanding of the states, processes, and subsequent modeling of clouds and precipitation for numerical weather prediction ...
Stability Analysis of Ice Crystal Orientation
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Spectral Retrieval of Latent Heating Profiles from TRMM PR Data. Part IV: Comparisons of Lookup Tables from Two- and Three-Dimensional Cloud-Resolving Model Simulations
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The spectral latent heating (SLH) algorithm was developed to estimate latent heating profiles for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Precipitation Radar (TRMM PR). The method uses TRMM PR information (precipitation-top ...