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Graupel and Hail Terminal Velocities: Does a “Supercritical” Reynolds Number Apply?
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: his study characterizes the terminal velocities of heavily rimed ice crystals and aggregates, graupel, and hail using a combination of recent drag coefficient and particle bulk density observations. Based on a nondimensional ...
Forecast of Precipitation Probability Based on a Pattern Recognition Algorithm
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A nonparametric statistical technique is developed which is capable of interfacing with dynamic atmospheric models to produce probability of precipitation forecasts. The technique is implicitly nonlinear, utilizing an ...
A Comprehensive Observational Study of Graupel and Hail Terminal Velocity, Mass Flux, and Kinetic Energy
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: AbstractThis study uses novel approaches to estimate the fall characteristics of hail, covering a size range from about 0.5 to 7 cm, and the drag coefficients of lump and conical graupel. Three-dimensional (3D) volume scans ...
Further Statistics of Precipitation Probability Forecasts
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A nonparametric technique based on a pattern recognition algorithm is used to forecast the probability of precipitation for 42 stations over the western United States. Mean-square errors or Brier scores between forecasted ...