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RISGlobal Trends and Variability in Soil Moisture and Drought Characteristics, 1950–2000, from Observation-Driven Simulations of the Terrestrial Hydrologic Cycle
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Global and regional trends in drought for 1950?2000 are analyzed using a soil moisture?based drought index over global terrestrial areas, excluding Greenland and Antarctica. The soil moisture fields are derived from a ...
A Multiscale Ensemble Filtering System for Hydrologic Data Assimilation. Part II: Application to Land Surface Modeling with Satellite Rainfall Forcing
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Part I of this series of studies developed procedures to implement the multiscale filtering algorithm for land surface hydrology and performed assimilation experiments with rainfall ensembles from a climate model. However, ...
Use of Bayesian Merging Techniques in a Multimodel Seasonal Hydrologic Ensemble Prediction System for the Eastern United States
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Skillful seasonal hydrologic predictions are useful in managing water resources, preparing for droughts and their impacts, energy planning, and many other related sectors. In this study, a seasonal hydrologic ensemble ...
Data Assimilation for Estimating the Terrestrial Water Budget Using a Constrained Ensemble Kalman Filter
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A procedure is developed to incorporate equality constraints in Kalman filters, including the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), and is referred to as the constrained ensemble Kalman filter (CEnKF). The constraint is carried ...
Scaling Water and Energy Fluxes in Climate Systems: Three Land-Atmospheric Modeling Experiments
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The effects of small-scale heterogeneity in land-surface characteristics on the large-scale fluxes of water and energy in the land-atmosphere system have become a central focus of many of the climatology research experiments. ...
The Importance of Classification Differences and Spatial Resolution of Land Cover Data in the Uncertainty in Model Results over Boreal Ecosystems
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: One of the governing scientific objectives of the Boreal Ecosystem?Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) is the development of methods for applying process models over large spatial scales using remote sensing and other integrative ...
An Evaluation of Satellite Remote Sensing Data Products for Land Surface Hydrology: Atmospheric Infrared Sounder
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The skill of instantaneous Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) retrieved near-surface meteorology, including surface skin temperature (Ts), air temperature (Ta), specific humidity (q), and relative humidity (RH), as well ...
The Value of Coarse-Scale Soil Moisture Observations for Regional Surface Energy Balance Modeling
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Using high-resolution (1 km) hydrologic modeling of the 575 000-km2 Red?Arkansas River basin, the impact of spatially aggregating soil moisture imagery up to the footprint scale (32?64 km) of spaceborne microwave radiometers ...
Surface Energy and Water Balance for the Arkansas–Red River Basin from the ECMWF Reanalysis
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Average surface energy and water budgets, subsurface variables, and atmospheric profiles were computed online with an hourly timescale from the ECMWF reanalysis for five subbasins of the Mississippi River from 1985?93. The ...
The Attribution of Land–Atmosphere Interactions on the Seasonal Predictability of Drought
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: rought has significant social and economic impacts that could be reduced by preparations made possible through seasonal prediction. During the convective season, when the potential of extreme drought is the highest, the ...