Abstract: Liquidated damages (LDs) are contractually specified damages that provide restitution for additional owner costs incurred from contractor delayed completion. Established legal precedence requires owners to specify rates ...

Abstract: Soil erosion occurring at highway construction sites can contribute large amounts of sediment to the local stream network and degrades overall water quality. The environmental impacts of the sediment-laden stormwater runoff ...

Abstract: Every year, construction activities expose millions of acres of soil to the elements of wind, rain, and snow. This greatly increases the potential for erosion; and therefore, the need for efficient erosion and sediment ...

Abstract: Construction and development activities can generate new sources of water pollution by increasing storm-water runoff and erosion. Wattle ditch checks may be used on construction sites to mitigate channelized runoff by ...

Abstract: Construction-related activities typically disturb established vegetation, resulting in the potential for accelerated erosion. Because of the associated water quality impacts of construction activities, the USEPA has ...

Abstract: Perimeter controls [i.e., sediment barriers (SBs) or sediment retention devices] are typically used on construction sites to retain sediment and prevent polluted stormwater runoff from adversely affecting aquatic ...

Abstract: Construction activities require contractors to install, continuously monitor, and maintain controls to minimize erosion and sediment transport. Construction sites discharge up to 100 times more sediment per acre than ...