Abstract: ecadal climate variability is usually regarded as an internal variability in the climate system. However, using the coupled simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), it is demonstrated ...

Abstract: With the wide implementation of public–private partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure projects and public services, numerous studies related to PPPs have emerged in the past two decades. Although several literature reviews ...

Abstract: The main factor contributing to the decline in effective fracture width and conductivity is proppant embedding into the fracture surface. In the deep shale's high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-stress environment, ...

Abstract: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a biochemical technique for copying DNA by repeatedly changing the temperature of nucleic acid samples. In this study, we aim to create an oscillatory PCR system with a short reaction ...