Abstract: This research examined the environmental impacts due to the construction phase of commercial buildings. Previous building research has often overlooked the construction phase and focused on the material and use phases, ...

Abstract: The design and construction industries have an increasing interest in and responsibility for a building’s environmental effects over its entire life cycle. Quantification of all building phases is important in life-cycle ...

Abstract: The accuracy of energy estimation using building energy models is contingent on user inputs. Depending on the situation, energy models may use plug-load densities that are unsubstantiated for the specific building type and ...