Abstract: The oxygen decay coefficient is a key parameter used to predict the distribution of oxygen concentrations spatially and temporally in a waste rock pile. The present study proposes a new equation to calculate the oxygen ...

Abstract: An approximated linear model of unsteady open-channel flow is necessary to design the water-level controller for irrigation open channels. Toward this end, this paper presents the matrix approach to derive the linear model ...

Abstract: The soil thawing characteristic curve (STCC), which delineates the relationship between unfrozen water content and temperature during the thawing process of frozen soil, is a critical factor with significant implications ...

Abstract: The business environment is a critical element in promoting high-quality urban economic development. To evaluate the quality of the business environment in Chinese cities, we first build a business environment evaluation ...

Abstract: Traffic flow has been studied numerically by solving the kinematic wave equation with the second-order Monotone Upwind Scheme of Conservation Law (MUSCL), together with the boundary and initial conditions, which are examined ...

Abstract: The use of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) can reduce the consumption of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) and preserve the natural environment. The accurate calculation of the compressive stress-strain relationship of recycled ...

Abstract: In cold regions, the flow of outside air into a tunnel often causes freeze–thaw damage to the surrounding rock, and insulation methods are usually adopted to avoid this damage. In this study, the heat transfer in a multilayer ...