Abstract: Calcium chloride (CaCl2) from deicing salts can react chemically with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] from hydrated cement paste to form an expansive product, calcium oxychloride, that can damage concrete. This paper uses two ...

Abstract: The effect of seawater used as mixing water in concrete on the long-term properties of glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars is the focus of this work. The durability of GFRP bars embedded in seawater-mixed concrete ...

Abstract: Concrete structures are economical and typically durable when exposed to a variety of environmental conditions. However, carbonation results in a reduction of the durability of reinforced concrete members because it damages ...

Abstract: The use of seawater and recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) in concrete mixtures leads to the production of a very sustainable concrete. The potential risk of steel reinforcement corrosion (due to chloride in the seawater) in ...

Abstract: Certain chloride-based deicing salts can react with calcium hydroxide in cement paste to form calcium oxychloride. Calcium oxychloride formation results in expansive pressures that damage concrete. This study examines the ...

Abstract: The ultrasonic shear-wave reflection coefficient at the interface between a hydrating material and a buffer material was monitored immediately after mixing as a function of time to study setting behavior of self-compacting ...

Abstract: Unreinforced concrete or concrete reinforced with noncorrosive reinforcement could potentially be mixed with seawater in locations where potable water is scarce. A fundamental understanding of the properties of concrete ...