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RISClimate Drift in a Global Ocean General Circulation Model
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A global version of the GFDL modular ocean model is forced using conventional restoring boundary conditions (BCs), mixed BCs (i.e., restoring the upper-level temperature but specifying a fixed salt flux), and stochastic ...
Variability in Severe Coastal Flooding, Associated Storms, and Death Tolls in Southeastern Australia since the Mid–Nineteenth Century
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: he variability in the number of severe floods that occurred in coastal catchments in southeastern Australia since the mid?nineteenth century, along with the variability in both the frequency of the weather types that ...
A Simple Atmospheric Model of Surface Heat Flux for Use in Ocean Modeling Studies
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A simple model of the lower atmospheric layers and land/sea ice surface is described and analyzed. The model is able to depict with reasonable accuracy the global ocean heat fluxes. Due to the model's simplicity, insight ...
What Caused the Observed Twentieth-Century Weakening of the Walker Circulation?
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: he Walker circulation (WC) is one of the world?s most prominent and important atmospheric systems. The WC weakened during the twentieth century, reaching record low levels in recent decades. This weakening is thought to ...
Inability of CMIP5 Models to Simulate Recent Strengthening of the Walker Circulation: Implications for Projections
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: his paper examines changes in the strength of the Walker circulation (WC) using the pressure difference between the western and eastern equatorial Pacific. Changes in observations and in 35 climate models from the Coupled ...
The Impact of Anthropogenic Forcing and Natural Processes on Past, Present, and Future Rainfall over Victoria, Australia
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Cool-season (April to October) rainfall dominates the annual average rainfall over Victoria, Australia, and is important for agriculture and replenishing reservoirs. Rainfall during the cool season has been unusually low ...
El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Associated Climatic Conditions around the World during the Latter Half of the Twenty-First Century
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: AbstractIncreases in greenhouse gas emissions are expected to cause changes both in climatic variability in the Pacific linked to El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and in long-term average climate. While mean state and ...
Modelled Rainfall Response to Strong El Niño Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the Tropical Pacific
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: l Niño?Southern Oscillation strongly influences the interannual variability of rainfall over the Pacific, shifting the position and orientation of the South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ) and intertropical convergence ...
Interdecadal Sea Surface Temperature Variability in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Part II: The Role of Equatorial/Off-Equatorial Wind Stresses in a Hybrid Coupled Model
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Many modeling studies have been carried out to investigate the role of oceanic Rossby waves linking the off-equatorial and equatorial Pacific Ocean. Although the equatorial ocean response to off-equatorial wind stress ...