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RISClimate Drift in a Global Ocean General Circulation Model
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A global version of the GFDL modular ocean model is forced using conventional restoring boundary conditions (BCs), mixed BCs (i.e., restoring the upper-level temperature but specifying a fixed salt flux), and stochastic ...
Variability in Severe Coastal Flooding, Associated Storms, and Death Tolls in Southeastern Australia since the Mid–Nineteenth Century
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: he variability in the number of severe floods that occurred in coastal catchments in southeastern Australia since the mid?nineteenth century, along with the variability in both the frequency of the weather types that ...
A Simple Atmospheric Model of Surface Heat Flux for Use in Ocean Modeling Studies
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A simple model of the lower atmospheric layers and land/sea ice surface is described and analyzed. The model is able to depict with reasonable accuracy the global ocean heat fluxes. Due to the model's simplicity, insight ...
What Caused the Observed Twentieth-Century Weakening of the Walker Circulation?
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: he Walker circulation (WC) is one of the world?s most prominent and important atmospheric systems. The WC weakened during the twentieth century, reaching record low levels in recent decades. This weakening is thought to ...
Inability of CMIP5 Models to Simulate Recent Strengthening of the Walker Circulation: Implications for Projections
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: his paper examines changes in the strength of the Walker circulation (WC) using the pressure difference between the western and eastern equatorial Pacific. Changes in observations and in 35 climate models from the Coupled ...
Attribution of the Late-Twentieth-Century Rainfall Decline in Southwest Australia
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: There was a dramatic decrease in rainfall in the southwest of Australia (SWA) in the mid-1960s. A statistical method, based on the idea of analogous synoptic situations, is used to help clarify the cause of the drying. The ...
The Impact of Anthropogenic Forcing and Natural Processes on Past, Present, and Future Rainfall over Victoria, Australia
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Cool-season (April to October) rainfall dominates the annual average rainfall over Victoria, Australia, and is important for agriculture and replenishing reservoirs. Rainfall during the cool season has been unusually low ...
El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Associated Climatic Conditions around the World during the Latter Half of the Twenty-First Century
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: AbstractIncreases in greenhouse gas emissions are expected to cause changes both in climatic variability in the Pacific linked to El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and in long-term average climate. While mean state and ...
The Influence of Climate Science on Water Management in Western Australia: Lessons for Climate Scientists
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Water flow into dams that supply Perth in Western Australia (WA) has fallen by 50% since the mid-1970s, and this has severely tested water managers. Climate change scenarios available since the 1980s have suggested that ...