Abstract: The effect of seawater used as mixing water in concrete on the long-term properties of glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars is the focus of this work. The durability of GFRP bars embedded in seawater-mixed concrete ...

Abstract: Unreinforced concrete or concrete reinforced with noncorrosive reinforcement could potentially be mixed with seawater in locations where potable water is scarce. A fundamental understanding of the properties of concrete ...