Abstract: This paper presents a beam element for which the cross section remains neither plane nor orthogonal to the beam axis. The cross section with arbitrary geometry is modeled by two-dimensional (2D) finite elements. The element ...

Abstract: A general formulation for torsional-flexural analysis of beams with arbitrary cross section is presented in a general coordinate system. The theory maintains Vlasov's approach in terms of generalized strains and stresses ...

Abstract: This research investigates the simultaneous effect of in-plane and transverse loads in reinforced concrete shells. The infinitesimal shell element is divided into layers (with triaxial behavior) that are analyzed according ...