Abstract: The current literature discusses the methods to estimate the costs and cost contingency. The literature also distinguishes “known unknowns” and “unknown unknowns” contingencies. Little is written, however, about the ...

Abstract: In mega projects, the stakeholders may be exposed to significant on-site construction risk, especially the owners and insurance companies who take the most responsibility for the risk loss. It is difficult for insurance ...

Abstract: Current literature shows that poor cost performance in projects has become routine. Research on cost performance has mostly focused on one of the involved parties, either the client or the contractor. Not many research ...