Abstract: A method is developed to quantify systematic errors in two types of sea surface temperature (SST) observations: bucket and engine-intake measurements. A simple linear model is proposed where the SST measured using a bucket ...

Abstract: The regularized expectation maximization (RegEM) method has been used in recent studies to derive climate field reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere temperatures during the last millennium. Original pseudoproxy experiments ...

Abstract: Near-global 4° ? 4° gridded analysis of marine sea level pressure (SLP) from the Comprehensive Ocean?Atmosphere Data Set for monthly averages from 1854 to 1992 was produced along with its estimated error using a reduced ...

Abstract: The relationship between all-India summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) and the timing of (El Niño?Southern Oscillation) ENSO-related warming/cooling is investigated, using observational data during the period from 1881 to 1998. ...

Abstract: seudoproxy experiments evaluate statistical methods used to reconstruct climate fields from paleoclimatic proxies during the Common Era. These experiments typically employ output from millennial simulations by general ...

Abstract: Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is evaluated for paleoclimate field reconstructions in the context of pseudoproxy experiments assembled from the millennial integration (850?1999 c.e.) of the National Center for ...

Abstract: he commenters confirm the errors identified and discussed in Smerdon et al., which either invalidated or required the reinterpretation of quantitative results from pseudoproxy experiments presented or used in several earlier ...

Abstract: The seasonal and interannual predictability of ENSO variability in a version of the Zebiak?Cane coupled model is examined in a perturbation experiment. Instead of assuming that the model is ?perfect,? it is assumed that a ...