Abstract: An optimal hydraulic gradient control (OHGC) design involves the joint use of optimization and simulation models. When an imperfect ground-water simulation model is used, the reliability of the OHGC design has to be ...

Abstract: A mixed-integer quadratic programming problem is proposed to locate booster stations and to identify their dosage schedules for maintaining disinfectant residual in drinking water distribution systems. Optimal booster ...

Abstract: Methodology and algorithm to calibrate pipe wall demand coefficients for chlorine decay using an input-output model framework are developed and applied. An input-output model of water quality in water distribution systems ...

Abstract: Maintaining a disinfectant residual in drinking water distribution networks is a challenge for water utilities. These challenges arise from the spatial and temporal distribution of water usage, and from chemical reactions ...

Abstract: Field sampling is sometimes performed to support modeling activities—specifically, to estimate the parameters of a mathematical model or, more accurately, to calibrate the model. In this case, a relevant question for field ...

Abstract: The hopscotch finite-difference technique is shown to be a fast and accurate way to simulate transient, saturated, ground-water flow in relatively typical but heterogeneous 2D and 3D domains. The odd-even hopscotch (OEH) ...

Abstract: A novel input-output model of water quality in water distribution systems is presented as a particle (water parcel) backtracking algorithm (PBA). The PBA is a simpler and more efficient version of that described by Zierolf ...

Abstract: One important problem with using mathematical optimization models for design of wastewater treatment systems is that parameter values, and thus, model results, are often uncertain. A general approach, called robust optimal ...

Abstract: A general approach, called robust optimal design, is developed in a companion paper and applied here to a comprehensive, nonlinear, activated sludge treatment system. The treatment system robustness is related to the ...

Abstract: The factors leading to the loss of disinfectant residual in well-mixed drinking-water storage tanks are studied. Equations relating disinfectant residual to the disinfectant's reaction rate, the tank volume, and the fill ...