Abstract: A flume study is conducted to determine culvert shape influence on the scour geometry at culvert outlets. Twenty-six experiments are performed in which flows discharged for 316 minutes through circular, arch, square and ...

Abstract: The Gupo Bridge crosses the Nakdong River near the city of Busan, South Korea. During Typhoon Maemi in 2003, the old Gupo Bridge collapsed due to excessive pier scour. More recently, the highway construction on the left-bank ...