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On the Robustness of the Water Vapor Feedback: GCM Vertical Resolution and Formulation
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Expectations of the size of climate change are generally based on models in which relative humidity (RH) changes little under climate change. A wide variety of general circulation models (GCMs) show such a response, but ...
Carbon Dioxide and Climate: Mechanisms of Changes in Cloud
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Changes in cloud distribution may provide a major feedback on climate change. General circulation model simulations show an upward shift of high cloud and a general reduction of free-tropospheric cloud when climate warms. ...
Time Variation of Effective Climate Sensitivity in GCMs
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: Effective climate sensitivity is often assumed to be constant (if uncertain), but some previous studies of general circulation model (GCM) simulations have found it varying as the simulation progresses. This complicates ...
On Surface Temperature, Greenhouse Gases, and Aerosols: Models and Observations
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: The effect of changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and sulphate aerosols on near-surface temperature is investigated using a version of the Hadley Centre atmospheric model coupled to a mixed layer ocean. ...
Constraints on Model Response to Greenhouse Gas Forcing and the Role of Subgrid-Scale Processes
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A climate model emulator is developed using neural network techniques and trained with the data from the multithousand-member climateprediction.net perturbed physics GCM ensemble. The method recreates nonlinear interactions ...
The New Hadley Centre Climate Model (HadGEM1): Evaluation of Coupled Simulations
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: A new coupled general circulation climate model developed at the Met Office's Hadley Centre is presented, and aspects of its performance in climate simulations run for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth ...