Abstract: The influence of the El Niño?Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) interference on the dry and wet conditions in the Great Plains of the United States has been examined using monthly observational ...

Abstract: he magnitude of seasonal predictability for a variable depends on departure of its probability density function (PDF) for a particular season from the corresponding climatological PDF. Differences in the PDF can be due to ...

Abstract: This work investigates the predictive skill and most predictable pattern in the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The skill is measured by the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly correlation ...

Abstract: The major modes of seasonal sea surface temperature (SST) meridional gradient and their connection with some regional mean SST indices in the Atlantic Ocean are examined using reanalysis data. The focus of the work is on ...

Abstract: This work is focused on the evolution of the dominant air?sea coupled mode in the equatorial and southeastern tropical Atlantic and the associated physical processes. It is shown that in June?August (JJA) the evolution of ...

Abstract: Evolutions of oceanic and atmospheric anomalies in the equatorial Pacific during four strong El Niños (1982/83, 1991/92, 1997/98, and 2015/16) since 1979 are compared. The contributions of the atmosphere?ocean coupling to ...