Abstract: A conventional ocean model was revised to include a tendency for velocities to relax toward a maximum entropy solution that depends on the shape of topography. The tendency, called topographic stress, generates poleward ...

Abstract: The results from ocean model experiments conducted with isopycnal and isopycnal thickness diffusion parameterizations for subgrid-scale mixing associated with mesoscale eddies are examined from a numerical standpoint. It ...

Abstract: The effect of increasing horizontal resolution is examined to assess the response of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) to freshwater perturbations. Versions of a global climate model with horizontal ...

Abstract: Four versions of the same global climate model, with horizontal resolution ranging from 1.8° ? 3.6° to 0.2° ? 0.4°, are employed to evaluate the resolution dependence of the Southern Ocean meridional overturning circulation. ...

Abstract: f anthropogenic CO2 emissions were to suddenly cease, the evolution of the atmospheric CO2 concentration would depend on the magnitude and sign of natural carbon sources and sinks. Experiments using Earth system models ...

Abstract: he ratio of global mean surface air temperature change to cumulative CO2 emissions, referred to as transient climate response to cumulative CO2 emissions (TCRE), has been shown to be approximately constant on centennial ...

Abstract: The influence of surface fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum on ocean circulation and transports are analyzed using a coupled atmosphere?ocean climate model. A control simulation is compared with experiments in which ...

Abstract: Recent analyses of the latest series of climate model simulations suggest that increasing CO2 emissions in the atmosphere are partly responsible for (i) the observed poleward shifting and strengthening of the Southern ...

Abstract: oupled climate?carbon models have shown the potential for large feedbacks between climate change, atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and global carbon sinks. Standard metrics of this feedback assume that the response of land ...

Abstract: The simulated influence of Arctic sea ice on the variability of the North Atlantic climate is discussed in the context of a global coupled ice?ocean?atmosphere model. This coupled system incorporates a general circulation ...