Abstract: Theories which associate atmospheric blocking with isolated ?free mode? solutions of the equations of motion are reviewed and the central role played by the potential function ? ≡ dq/d? (where q is the is the quasi-geostrophic ...

Abstract: In this paper results are presented from an improved version of the troposphere?stratosphere configuration of the Met Office Unified Model (UM). The new version incorporates a number of changes, including new radiation and ...

Abstract: The impact of a parameterized spectrum of gravity waves on the simulation of the stratosphere in the Met Office Unified Model (UM) is investigated. In the extratropical mesosphere, the gravity wave forcing acts against the ...

Abstract: he importance of using a general circulation model that includes a well-resolved stratosphere for climate simulations, and particularly the influence this has on surface climate, is investigated. High top model simulations ...

Abstract: The climatology of a stratosphere-resolving version of the Met Office?s climate model is studied and validated against ECMWF reanalysis data. Ensemble integrations are carried out at two different horizontal resolutions. ...

Abstract: The conditions that lead to the major warming over Antarctica in late September 2002 are examined. In many respects, the warming resembled wave-2 warmings seen in the Northern Hemisphere; the winter cyclonic circulation ...