Abstract: Effective-medium theories yield effective dielectric functions (or, equivalently, refractive indices) of composite media. Such theories have been formulated that go beyond the Maxwell-Garnett and Bruggeman theories, which ...

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Abstract: Shape can strongly affect scattering by particles at wavelengths near bulk absorption bands. An example is scattering by many components of the atmospheric aerosol at wavelengths in the transmission window centered around ...

Abstract: Green thunderstorms are observed occasionally, yet with one exception they have received no scientific attention, experimental or theoretical. Fraser suggested that thunderstorms themselves are not green but that a thick ...

Abstract: Calculations of radar backscattering by inhomogeneous precipitation particles require values of the dielectric function of two-component mixtures. Four such dielectric functions are critically examined and their relative ...

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Abstract: The visual phenomenon called virga, a sudden change in the brightness of a precipitation shaft below a cloud, is commonly attributed to evaporation of raindrops. It is said to be rain that does not reach the ground. The ...

Abstract: The severest test of a theory of scattering by particles is how well it calculates scattering in the backward direction. The coupled-dipole method can be used for accurately calculating backscattering at 94 GHz by hexagonal ...

Abstract: Calculations have been made of the radar backscattering and attenuation cross sections of dry and spongy ice spheres. One set of calculations was the cross sections of spheres with diameters exponentially distributed. As ...