Abstract: A surface duct is defined as a layer of air adjacent to the earth's surface, in which temperature and humidity gradients cause microwave energy originating within the layer to be sufficiently refracted so that it becomes ...

Abstract: This paper examines the sensitivity of annual area mean runoff calculations to the effects of spatial variability and temporal correlation of rainfall. The model used is based upon the hypothesis that the annual water ...

Abstract: A wave-riding catamaran with a mast-traveling sensor package (profiling buoy) was developed to make fine-scale atmospheric measurements within the first meter above the ocean surface. These measurements are used to generate ...

Abstract: Microwave propagation conditions in the lower marine troposphere are evaluated using gradients of radio refractivity profiles. An inexpensive, weather-resistant system for Continuous monitoring of radio refractivity ...

Abstract: Failure to consider anomalous propagation of microwave radiation in the troposphere may result in erroneous meteorological radar measurements. The most commonly occurring anomalous propagation phenomenon over the ocean is ...

Abstract: No abstract available.