Abstract: Temperature and moisture profiles from soundings obtained over the central Atlantic during the Atlantic Trade-Wind Experiment were used to determine if cloud-top entrainment instability can explain observed variations in ...

Abstract: A scheme for parameterizing the fractional cloud coverage of trade cumuli is developed which gives the cloud cover in terms of the cloud-layer relative humidity and the liquid water content of the convective elements. This ...

Abstract: A scheme for parameterizing the effects of cumulus convection for the maintenance of the thermodynamic structure of the tropical atmosphere is described. This parameterization is used in a one-dimensional model that ...

Abstract: Several applications of a simple layered model of the temperature and moisture structure of the trade-wind boundary layer are considered. The formation of the trade inversion in the wake of disturbed conditions is simulated. ...

Abstract: A mean-gradient model of the dry convective boundary layer is developed using a convective mass flux representation of the turbulent fluxes. A top-hat model of thermals is used to represent the average characteristics of ...

Abstract: Measurements of the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of entrainment events in marine stratocumulus are used to explain why cloud-top entrainment instability may not lead to the breakup of the clouds and to define the ...

Abstract: An updraft and downdraft circulation model based on a mass flux representation of convective fluxes is incorporated into a classic cloud-topped, mixed layer model. The convective mass flux is assumed to be proportional to ...

Abstract: Variations in the atmospheric boundary layer structure over the eastern equatorial Pacific are analyzed using 916 soundings collected during the First Global Atmospheric Research Program Global Experiment. Unstable boundary ...

Abstract: An analysis of FGGE dropwindsonde data using conserved thermodynamic variables shows mixing line structures for the convective boundary layer over the equatorial Pacific. Deeper boundary layers show a double structure. ...

Abstract: Data obtained from the island of Santa Maria in the Azores, during the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment (ASTEX) are used to describe cloud and boundary-layer structure for a 24-h period on 15 June 1992 over the ...