Comparative Study on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Four Array Rib Micro-Jet Heat Sinks Based on Chip Cooling

Abstract

Abstract. To address the thermal failure issues caused by chip miniaturization, this study develops four types of micro-jet heat sinks based on array rib structures, using water as the cooling fluid. Through numerical simulation, the study examines the impact of factors like impingement height, jet Reynolds number, and heat flux density on the micro-jet heat transfer process. The research findings show that, for jet Reynolds numbers between 1,415 and 2,831, the impingement height notably influences the heat transfer performance of the heat sink. In the range of impingement heights from 7 mm to 3 mm, the heat transfer performance gradually improves as the impingement height decreases. By comparing the heat transfer performance parameters of four different configurations, the results show that case 1 has the best temperature uniformity and heat transfer capability, with a maximum average Nusselt number of 51.73. Case 2 exhibits the highest pressure drop and the lowest energy efficiency ratio (EER), with values of 159.23 kPa and 56.63, respectively. In contrast, case 4 demonstrates the lowest pressure loss and the highest EER, with values of 36.47 kPa and 734.9, respectively. Through a comprehensive comparative analysis of the EERs for the four configurations, an overall performance hierarchy has been established, with the ranking as follows: case4 > case1 > case3 > case2. The findings from this study offer vital theoretical insights for optimizing micro-jet heat sinks and are a useful guide for thermal management strategies in high-power electronic devices.